timeline of grece and rome

 

  anient greece timeline

	8000 BCE	Mesolithic Period (8300-7000)
Earliest evidence of burials found in Franchthi Cave in the Argolid, Greece	7250 BCE
Evidence of food producing economy, simple hut construction, and seafaring in mainland Greece and the Aegean	7000 BCE	Neolithic Period (7000-3000 BCE)
First "Megaron House" at Sesclo, in central Greece	5700 BCE
Evidence of earliest fortifications at Dimini, Greece	3400 BCE
Houses of Vasiliki and Myrtos Messara Tholoi House of Tiles at Lerna	3000 BCE	Aegean Bronze Age or Early Bronze Age (3000-2000) Minoan Prepalatial or: EMIA, EMIB (3000-2600 BCE) Early Cycladic Culture (3200-2000) Early Helladic Period (3000-2000)
	2600 BCE	Minoan Prepalatial Period or: EMIIA, EMIIB, MMIII (2600-2000 BCE)
Destruction of Minoan settlements	2000 BCE	Minoan Protopalatial Period or: MMIA, MMIB, MMI IA, MMI IB, MMI IIA, MMI IIB, LMIA Early (1900-1700 BCE) Early Middle Cycladic (2000-1600 BCE) Middle Helladic Period or Middle Bronze Age (2000-1550)
Destruction of Minoan palaces Settlement of Akrotiri, Thera Grave Circle B at Mycenae	1700 BCE	Minoan Neopalatial Period or: LMIA Advanced, LMIA Final, LMIB Early, LMIB Late, LMII (1700-1400)
Eruption of Thera volcano (sometime between 1627 and 1600)	1627 BCE
Grave Circle A at Mycenae Legends: Argo Voyage, Heracles, Oedipus	1600 BCE	Late Bronze Period or The Heroic Age (1600-1100)
Tholos Tomb at Mycenae	1550 BCE	Late Helladic Period (1500-1100)
Linear B writing (1450-1180)	1450 BCE
Mycenaean Palaces Evidence of expanded Mycenaean trade at Levand	1400 BCE	Minoan Postpalatial Period or: LMIIIA1, LMIIIA2, LMIIIB, LMIIIC (1400-1100)
Palace of Knossos destruction	1370 BCE
"Sea Peoples" begin raids in the Eastern Mediterranean	1300 BCE	Mycenaean Culture (1300-1000)
Trojan War (1250 or 1210)	1250 BCE
Destruction of many Mycenaean palaces Doric Invasions? (1200-1100) Sea Peoples (1200-1100)	1200 BCE
	1180 BCE	Sub-Mycenaean Period (1180-1050)
Destruction of Miletus and resettlement	1100 BCE	Sub-Minoan Period (1150-950) Dark Age of Greece (1100-700) Proto-Geometric Period (1100-900)
End of Mycenaean civilization Lefkandi: Toumba building	1000 BCE
	900 BCE	Geometric Period (900-700)
First Olympic Games	776 BCE
Greek colonies established in Southern Italy & Sicily Invention of Greek alphabet Homeric poems recorded in writing (750-700)	750 BCE	Late Geometric (circa 760-700)
	740 BCE	Orientalizing Period (circa 740-650)
First Messenian War Sparta invades Messenia (730-710) Naxos founded (734) Syracuse founded (733)	730 BCE
	700 BCE	Archaic Period (700-480)
Earliest Lyric Poets	650 BCE
Second Messenian War Sparta invades Messenia (640-630) Cyrene founded (630)	640 BCE
Sappho born in Lesbos	630 BCE
Thales (625-545) born in Miletos	625 BCE
Pythagoras (ca. 569-475) born in Samos	569 BCE
Solon replaces the Draconian law in Athens and lays the foundation for Democracy. He introduced to Athens the first coinage and a system of weights and measures	594 BCE
Pisistratos becomes tyrant of Athens	546 BCE
Pesistratos Dies. His sons become tyrants of Athens	527 BCE
Red-figure pottery developed in Athens	525 BCE
Alcmaeonid family and Spartans free Athens from tyranny. Introduction of Democracy in Athens	510 BCE
Kleisthenes begins reforming Athenian code of laws, and establishes a democratic constitution	508 BCE
Ionian revolt	499 BCE
Ionian revolt defeated by Persians	494 BCE
Persian Wars	497-479 BCE
Battle of Marathon Athenians defeat Darius and his Persian army	490 BCE
Silver mines discovered near Athens. Athens begin building naval fleet	483 BCE
Aristides ostracized	482 BCE
Xerxes marches on Greece Battle of Thermopylae Persians burn the Acropolis Athens and allies defeat Persian fleet at naval battle of Salamis	480 BCE	Classical Period (480-323 ) Transitional (480-450)
Battle of Plataea Greeks defeat Persian army	479 BCE
Delian league lead by Athens	477 BCE
Earthquake in Lakonia Helot revolt against Sparta in Messenia	465 BCE
Peloponnesian Wars: "First Peloponnesian War"	461-445
Perikles leads Athens through its "Golden Era" (ca. 460-429)	460 BCE
Aeschylus produces "the Oresteia" trilogy of tragedies (Agamemnon, Libation Barers, Eumenides) in Athens	458 BCE
Delian league treasury moved from Delos to Athens	454 BCE
Sophist Protagoras visits Athens	450 BCE
Acropolis and other major building projects begin in Athens Construction of Parthenon (449-432) Sophocles produces the tragedy "Ajax"	449 BCE
Thirty-year peace treaty signed between Athens and Sparta in winter 446/445	446 BCE
Sophocles produces "Antigone" in Athens 430-429	441 BCE
Peloponnesian War (431-404) resumes Euripedes produces "Medea" in Athens	431 BCE
Plague epidemic in Athens	430 BCE
Death of Perikles	429 BCE
Peace of Nicias	421 BCE
Construction of Temple of Athena Nike (420-410)	420 BCE
Athenians resume hostilities Spartans defeat Athens at Mantinea	418 BCE
Athens razes Melos	416 BCE
Athens expedition to Syracuse Alcibiades defects to Sparta	415 BCE
Syracuse defeats Athens	413 BCE
Aristophanes produces "Lysistrata"	411 BCE
Athens surrenders to Sparta Thirty tyrants rule Athens	404 BCE
Democracy restored in Athens	403 BCE
Trial and execution of Socrates	399 BCE
Plato establishes the Athens Academy	380 BCE
Sparta defeated in Leuctra	371 BCE
Thebes defeats Sparta at Mantinea	362 BCE
Philip II, becomes King of Macedonia	359 BCE
Macedonian army defeats Athens and its allies at Chaeronea League of Corinth founded	338 BCE
Phillip II Assassinated. Alexander the Great becomes king of Macedonia	336 BCE
Aristotle founds the Lyceum in Athens	335 BCE
Alexander the Great defeats Persian army at Granicus river in Anatolia	334 BCE
Alexander the Great defeats Persians at Issus	333 BCE
Tyre capitulates to Alexander after siege	332 BCE
Alexander invades Egypt City of Alexandria founded in Egypt Alexander defeats Persians at Gaugamela	331 BCE
Alexander's army reaches Bactria (Afghanistan)	329 BCE
Alexander marries Roxane (princes of Bactria)	327 BCE
Alexander's army reaches India	326 BCE
Death of Alexander the Great	323 BCE	Hellenistic Period (323-146)
Aristotle dies	322 BCE
Stoic philosopher Zeno founds school in Athens	310 BCE
Stoic philosopher Epicurus founds school in Athens	307 BCE
Ptolemy I founds museum in Alexandria	300 BCE
Archimedes (287-212) born in Syracuse	287 BCE
Achaean League founded	284 BCE
Invasion of Greece by Gauls	279 BCE
Gauls defeated by king Attalus I	238 BCE
First Macedonian War (214-204) Rome defeats Philip V of Macedon	214 BCE
Second Macedonian War (200-196) Victory of Flamininus at Cynoscephalae	200 BCE
Third Macedonian War (172-168/7) Lucius Aemelius Paulus of Rome defeats Perseus of Macedon at Pydna. Macedonia divided into four republics	172 BCE
Roman Invasion of Greece Mummius Achaicus sacks Corinth and dissolves the Achaean league. Rome rules Greece henceforth	146 BCE	Late Hellenistic or Greco-Roman (146-30)
Romans lead by Sulla sack Athens	86 BCE
Battle of Aktion Octavian (later Augustus) defeats Mark Antony and Cleopatra	31 BCE
Death of Cleopatra	30 BCE	End of "Ancient Greece" period

ancient rome time line

753 BC Rome founded
According to legend, two brothers descended from the Trojan Prince Aeneas are exposed at birth. Romulus and Remus want to found a city but quarrel over which hill to site it on. Romulus kills Remus and Rome is founded on the Palatine Hill, on the bank of the River Tiber in Latium.

509 BC Republic established
Roman history states that worsening misrule under King Tarqunius Superbus prompts his expulsion by Rome's aristocracy. In its place, nobles establish a Republic ruled by annually elected consuls and guided by a powerful Senate. Citizens vote in popular assemblies weighted in favour of higher-ranking individuals.

406 BC Rome attacks Veii
After centuries of beating back invaders, Rome goes on the offensive against the neighbouring Etruscan city of Veii. The siege of Veii lasts 10 years. It's the first major victory in a campaign of steady expansion into adjacent Latin and Etruscan territory.

390 BC Gauls sack Rome
Roman defenders fail to stop a huge Gallic invasion at the battle of the Allia river. The Gauls sweep into Rome and sack the city. It takes payments of gold to persuade them to leave. The defeat leaves a permanent scar on the collective Roman consciousness.

343-341 BC First Samnite War
Seeking to extend its sphere of influence further into Italy, Rome takes on its toughest enemy yet – the Samnite nation of fierce mountain warriors. Rome wins this conflict, leaving it in control of the fertile Campania region south of Latium. This victory increases Rome's power-base significantly.

340-338 BC Latin War
Frustration at Rome's increasing domination of Latium leads to a revolt by a number of Latin states. Rome swiftly crushes military resistance in Latium but consolidates its hold on power there by extending Roman citizenship to almost all parts of the territory.

326-304 BC Second Samnite War
Rome's second clash with the Samnites is far more arduous. Roman legions take fierce beatings at the battle of the Claudine Forks (321 BC) and Lautulae (315 BC). But superior Roman reserves of men and material take their toll and the Samnites are eventually crushed.

298-290 BC Third Samnite War
The Samnites make a last-ditch effort to shake off Roman domination by allying themselves with the Etruscans, Umbrians and Gauls. But the Roman war machine is stronger than ever, partly due to the construction of new roads. Rome defeats the alliance at the battle of Sentinum (295 BC).

280-275 BC Pyrrhic War
Rome quarrels with the Greek-founded city of Tarentum, which summons assistance from the Greek King Pyrrhus. A gifted general, Pyrrhus defeats the Romans at Heraclea (280 BC) and Asculum (279 BC). But the "Pyrrhic" victories have come at too great a cost. Pyrrhus is crushed by Rome at Beneventum (275 BC).

264-241 BC First Punic War
Rome's first conflict with the Phoenician city of Carthage is fought mainly at sea. Until this point, Rome has not been a sea power but it builds its own navy and defeats Carthage in a series of sea battles. Victory in this war leaves Rome in possession of Sicily.

238 BC Rome gains Sardinia and Corsica
Insurgents in Carthage-controlled Sardinia invite Roman forces into the island's garrison. Rome is in clear violation of its peace treaty with Carthage but threatens war when Carthage objects. The Phoenician city is obliged to cede Sardinia and Corsica to Rome.

218-202 BC Second Punic War begins
The Carthaginian general Hannibal Barca marches his forces over the Alps to take on the Romans. He wins a series of spectacular victories and almost defeats Rome. But the Romans hold out and take the fight to Africa, defeating Hannibal at the battle of Zama. Rome now controls Spain.

214-205 BC First Macedonian War
King Philip of Macedonia throws in his lot with Carthage and invades Rome's client states in Illyria (the modern Balkans). Effective Roman retaliation is difficult because resources are needed for the war against Carthage. The conflict ends in stalemate.

200-196 BC Second Macedonian War
Rome gathers Greek allies and then defeats Philip of Macedonia at the battle of Cynoscephalae in 197 BC. Philip keeps his throne but must stay within his borders. Over the next decade, Rome intervenes in Greece on several occasions in order to assert its dominance in the eastern Mediterranean.

171-168 BC Third Macedonian War
King Perseus of Macedonia agitates among the Greek states. Rome sends a force to engage Perseus but, in a sign of a growing trend among Roman nobles abroad, its commander is more interested in collecting booty. Eventually, Perseus is defeated at the battle of Pydna. Macedonia is divided into four separate states.

149-146 BC Third Punic War
After taking advantage of a border dispute, Rome moves to crush Carthage utterly. Its far superior forces besiege the city. When Carthage eventually falls in 146 BC, the Romans level it and enslave 50,000 Carthaginians. This brutal victory leaves Rome in possession of Carthaginian north Africa.

150-146 BC Fourth Macedonian War
Andriscus, a pretender to the throne, attempts to wrest control of the four Macedonian states from Rome. He is defeated in 148 BC. Rome goes on to stamp out any remaining resistance in Greece. The ancient city of Corinth is sacked and completely destroyed in 146 BC.

133 BC Tiberius Gracchus murdered
Tiberius Gracchus, a reform-minded Tribune, proposes the redistribution of public land to peasants. Aristocrats accustomed to profiting from the land object. The row sparks civil disorder and Gracchus is killed at a popular assembly meeting. In 121 BC, Tiberius' brother, Gaius, is murdered amid rioting over more reform proposals.

107 BC Marius elected Consul
A gifted soldier and popular politician, Gaius Marius is elected consul six times between 107 BC and 100 BC. He is responsible for abolishing property qualifications for military service. Crucially, this means that previously poor soldiers in search of future property settlements learn to express more loyalty to their commanders than to the Republic.

91-89 BC Social War
Attempts to grant Italians Roman citizenship founder and several Italian states rise up against Rome. The states declare an independent confederacy called Italia and mint their own coins. Their powerful army is a real threat and Rome agrees to extend citizenship to most Italians.

88 BC Sulla marches on Rome
Lucius Cornelius Sulla, an ambitious consul, marches troops personally loyal to him into Rome when he is stripped of a potentially lucrative military command in Asia. After campaigning in the East, Sulla returns to Rome and rules as dictator, killing many enemies and giving their land to his veterans.

73-71 BC Spartacus leads slave revolt
Spartacus, a Thracian gladiator, leads a slave revolt that recruits at least 90,000 people. After ranging across Italy, the revolt is put down by Marcus Crassus and Spartacus is killed. Remnants of his force are finished off by Pompey. Pompey and Crassus join forces politically and both become consuls in 70 AD.

65 BC Caesar elected aedile
Julius Caesar, after years of steady progression in Roman political life, is elected to this mid-ranking but influential position with responsibility for organising games. While in office, he exploits his knack for populism and spends lavishly. In 63 BC, he is elected Pontifex Maximus, or high priest.

63 BC Catiline conspiracy
Amid steadily increasing political violence, consul Marcus Tullius Cicero accuses Lucius Sergius Catalina (Catiline) of conspiring against the Republic. Cicero orders the ringleaders to be executed but Cataline escapes and raises an army of veterans and other dissidents. He is killed by Republican forces in 62 BC.

59 BC Caesar, Pompey and Crassus strike alliance
Julius Caesar surprises the Senate by pulling off a three-way alliance between himself, Pompey and Marcus Crassus. The accord propels him to the consulship of 59 BC. Renewed in 56 BC, the agreement permits all three men to secure lucrative foreign commands for themselves.

58-50 BC Caesar campaigns in Gaul
Eight years as governor of Gaul brings Julius Caesar great riches and much popularity. By employing harsh tactics against scattered tribes, Caesar extends the frontier of Gaul to the west bank of the Rhine. His stiffest test comes in 52 BC, when he defeats a huge combined force of Gauls at the battle of Alesia.

53 BC Defeat of Romans at Carrhae
Marcus Crassus, eager for a share of the glory won by contemporary rivals like Pompey, embarks on a poorly planned adventure in Parthia, far to the east of his Syrian governorship. The campaign founders in the harsh Parthian desert. Crassus, along with thousands of his men, are cut to pieces at the battle of Carrhae.

49 BC Caesar crosses Rubicon
Julius Caesar commits himself to civil war when he takes his legion across the small Rubicon river separating Gaul and Italy. Caesar sweeps into a Rome abandoned by the coalition of nobles opposed to him and swiftly establishes control of the city.

48 BC Caesar defeats Pompey
Julius Caesar pursues opposition forces commanded by Pompey to north-western Greece, where he defeats them at the battle of Pharsalus. Pompey flees to Egypt, where he is murdered. Caesar strikes an alliance – and fathers a son – with Queen Cleopatra before crushing the remnants of the opposition army in north Africa.

44 BC Death of Caesar
Julius Caesar is declared dictator for life. Despite the fact that his rule, by recent standards, has not been bloody, more and more aristocrats feel that he is becoming too king-like and that he threatens their interests. On March 15, a group of nobles surround Caesar in the Senate and stab him to death.

events around the world.

around the time Greece and Rome were around a few other things were happening around the world such as the hitte empire reaches its height in Asia at 1500 BC, and there is the rise of Etruscan civilization in Italy around 800 bc. dont forget the that the great wall of china was built in 221 BC